As Semiconductor designs continue to scale in complexity and integration, ensuring that chips can be tested thoroughly and economically has become a strategic priority. Manufacturing defects, process variations, and subtle design issues can render even functionally correct designs unusable if they are not detected efficiently during production. Design for Testability https://zanedjnsw.wikibriefing.com/4018746/post_silicon_validation_and_bring_up_the_final_test_of_vlsi_design_quality